Messenger

HFMD: Symptoms, Prevention, and Treatment

October 23 / 2026

hand foot mouth disease

 

 

 

     Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease - HFMD is a common illness, especially in children under 5 years old (about 95% of cases), but it can also occur in older children and adults. It is caused by viral infections that lead to skin rashes on the hands, feet, and mouth, as well as the genital area and around the anus. The virus affects the skin and mucous membranes. This article will explore the signs of HFMD, prevention methods, and treatment guidelines.

 

The Causes of Infection

HFMD can be caused by several viruses, with the most common being Coxsackievirus A16, Enterovirus A6, and Enterovirus 71.

 

  • The virus spreads through contact with saliva, nasal mucus, bodily fluids, stool, or by ingesting the virus, such as when contaminated toys or objects are put into the mouth.
  • The incubation period is around 3-6 days after exposure.

 

Signs of HFMD

  • Fever: A mild fever may occur during the first days of infection. 
  • Mouth sores: Painful sores may develop around the mouth.
  • Skin rash: Red rashes or blisters are commonly found on the palms, soles, and sometimes on the arms and legs. 
  • Other symptoms: may include headaches, muscle aches, or loss of appetite.

 

Prevention Methods

  • Maintain hygiene: Wash hands frequently, especially before eating and after using the restroom.
  • Avoid contact: Stay away from individuals showing symptoms of the disease.
  • Clean toys regularly: Ensure that toys and items used by children are cleaned regularly.
  • Isolate sick children: Limit the spread of infection; sick children should be separated from their peers.

 

Treatment Guidelines

HFMD usually resolves on its own within 7-14 days. However, treatment may include:

 

  • Drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
  • Using pain relievers such as paracetamol or NSAIDs (ibuprofen). 
  • Avoiding acidic or spicy foods to minimize irritation in the mouth.

 

 

 

 

 

HFMD Vaccine (EV71)

This vaccine stimulates the body to build immunity against the EV71 virus, which is responsible for severe cases of HFMD. The vaccine is 94.7% effective, and immunity lasts for about two years.

 

  • Reducing disease risk: The vaccine lowers the chances of children contracting HFMD, and if they do get sick, the symptoms are milder.
  • Preventing complications: It also reduces the risk of severe complications, such as meningitis or muscle weakness.
  • Building immunity: The vaccine helps the body develop immunity to the EV71 virus, with protection lasting around two years.

     

Summary

     HFMD can be prevented by maintaining good hygiene and avoiding contact with the virus, which reduces the risk of infection. If unusual symptoms occur, please consult a doctor for appropriate treatment.

 

 

For more information please contact:
 Pediatric Department, 1st Floor, RAM 2 Hospital.
Email:
information@ram2-hosp.com
Line Official: @ram2
Tel: 02-032-3888, 095-771-9739

 


Recommend Doctor Pediatric Department

 

 

 


Recommend Package

 

 

 

 


 

 

Health Consultation

Google Map go to RAM2 Hopsital